The maintenance and management of the excavator in the Western Desert

The west, especially the Taklama -Ganan Desert areas, is becoming a region where my country's oil development, geological exploration and development, and infrastructure construction such as roads and bridges is rapidly developing. The climate characteristics of the region are that the wind and sand are constantly; the temperature difference between day and night during late autumn to early spring is above 20 ° C; the surface temperature of the surface in summer is as high as 70 ° C. The excavator must have practical use and management measures in such a climate environment.

1. Daily use maintenance and maintenance

Western desert areas have continued winds and sand all year round, and there are a lot of dust in the air. If dust enters the engine cylinder, it will accelerate the wear of the piston and the cylinder and affect the life of the engine. If the dust enters the hydraulic system or the lubrication system The wear of the whole machine affects the service life of the whole machine. Therefore, effective technical measures must be taken to strengthen the daily use maintenance and maintenance of the machine.

(1) The engine intake system

Since the air contains a lot of dust in the desert area, to ensure that the engine is absorbed by clean air, the following points must be achieved:

① Use high -quality air filter and air filter element. The air filter element used should be carefully checked to see if the filter paper and filter cloth are tear or damaged, whether the end cover is deformed, whether the sealing ring at the ends is aging and incomplete, and the filter cloth of the fine filter element should be intact.

② A set of air filter element for each device. In the weather in the desert area, a clean air filter element cannot be used in less than a shift, so there must be a replacement to clean the dirt filter element after get off work at noon or at night. When cleaning the filter element, use compressed air to move up and down in the inner hole of the filter element along the filter paper, and remove dust from the inside to the outside. Causes insufficient air intakes or penetrate the filter paper to reduce the accuracy of the air filter. For clean filter elements, it should be put in a plastic bag or canvas bag for later use to prevent the dust from polluting it again.

③ Properly increase the position of the air inlet, and the first -class coarse filter can be added at the upper end of its condition. Generally speaking, increasing the crude filter will increase intake resistance, but practice has proved that adding coarse filters in the desert areas have little effect on the power of the engine, and the maintenance cycle of the air filter element installed in the excavator is extended, that is, under wind and sandy weather, the weather is under wind and sandy weather. It can be extended from 3H to 5h.

④ The intake pipe road should be well sealed and no leakage; various hose should not be cracks, and the card hoop should be installed tightly; the inner wall of the intake manifold should be applied with a thin layer of lubricating oil. The air of the cleaner is cleaned again.

(2) The diesel low -pressure oil road of the engine

Due to the harsh construction conditions in the desert area, the refueling of the machine is generally used in the fuel of the machine. In order to ensure the performance of the machine, it should be carried out as small as possible in the morning or at night. Add a sand cover between them. For those who do not have a filter at the oil port of the diesel tank, the filter should be added in order to make the diesel when refueling. A diesel filter is installed in front of the original diesel filter to further filter the diesel entering the fuel injection pump. The impurities in the precipitation cup should be cleared in time, and regularly clean the sediment and sand in the diesel tank. The maintenance interval between the diesel filter element in the desert is generally 180h in regular replacement or cleaning of the diesel filter element. When maintenance, you should pay attention to check the intactness of the filter element and keep it clean.

(3) The lubricating system of the engine and the hydraulic system of the excavator

Anti -sand cover should be added to all refueling ports and breathable holes to prevent pollution from various oils. The engine oil for the engine should be replaced regularly; the oil filter element should be replaced or cleaned regularly, and the time interval each time is 180h. In the case of conditions, a set of oil filter device should be added on the oil inlet pipe of the excavator hydraulic system to ensure the service life of the hydraulic pump and the execution components; The transmission oil is filtered once each; every 5 to 6 months is cleaned or replaced with a hydraulic oil filter element to keep the hydraulic oil clean.

(4) Maintenance of the hinge of the excavator hinge

Most of the sale of the excavator is semi -open, all of which are lubricated with lubrication, and sand particles are easily adhered to the sales cover, which accelerates the wear of the sales cover. In order to extend the service life of the sales sleeve, the lubrication of the sales cover must be strengthened, that is, the time interval between each lubrication must be shortened in order to squeeze out the lubricating fat contaminated by sand grains with clean lubrication, thereby reducing the wear of the sales cover; right The two ends of the sales cover are sealed with thick O -shaped ring or oil -resistant rubber pads to reduce the invasion of sand grains.

(5) Daily maintenance of construction machinery

In the desert areas, the excavator can only be carried out daily or small repair; during the maintenance, it should be cleaned first before it can be carried out; Okay, to prevent pollution. It is strictly forbidden to maintain the engine or hydraulic system in the desert area, otherwise the consequences will be unimaginable. For example, our unit had disintegrated the F6L912 engine at the construction site. Although the cleaning and assembly of the parts were very careful and serious at the time, after the engine was assembled, it was obviously felt that the engine was obviously felt when using the pry bar to pry the flywheel. Turn heavy. Later, the engine was pulled to the county's repair plant and rejected the inspection. It was found that there were signs of wear caused by sand grains on the main axis tile and connecting rod tiles. There were subtle sand grains on the piston ring. Bearing tiles and connecting rod tiles, the engine after reassembly work is normal. This shows that when the machine must be repaired in the desert area, the whole machine or machine assembly must be transported to the place where the machine is far away from Fengsha. At the same time, in the desert area, the repair of the equipment should be mainly replaced by the assembly items, and then the replaceable assembly should be transported to the place far away from the desert.